Digital Book History

Dramatic Extracts

Digital Miscellanies Index, work of Abigail Williams: http://digitalmiscellaniesindex.org/

Perdita Project

Sonia Massai and Heidi Craig, Paratexts

Liza Blake, http://digitalcavendish.org/original-research/locating-margaret-cavendish/ -- locating Margaret CAvendish; her books are all over because they were cheap

Jim Mussell, The Nineteenth-Century Press in the Digital Age

Stephen Pumfrey et al., "Experiments in 17th century English: manual versus automatic conceptual history," Literary and Linguistic Computing -- pairs with Shore 2019

Kathryn Rudy, "Dirty Books"

Visualizing a library: https://uclab.fh-potsdam.de/ff/#modus=distribution?level=0?filter=null?auswahl=Q20

From Jon Lamb, "Digital Resources for Early Modern Studies," SEL 2018:

Networks

Exploring Big Historical Data -- http://www.themacroscope.org/2.0/ -- includes companion website with visualizations

News Networks in Early Modern Europe

Blaine Greteman, Shakosphere: https://shakeosphere.lib.uiowa.edu/index.jsp

Sherman, "The Social Life of a Book"

http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/11/2/000289/000289.html

SNAC: https://snaccooperative.org/?redirected=1

Jason Scott Warren, "reconstructing manuscript networks"

Scott Selisker, “The Bechdel Test and the Social Form of Character Networks,” New Literary History (2015)

Galloway 2012 for a critique of social network visualizations

O'Neill, Lindsay. The Opened Letter: Networking in the Early Modern British World. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.

Michael Gavin, “Historical Text Networks: The Sociology of Early English Criticism,” Eighteenth-Century Studies (2016)

Bode 2018 -- chapter 5

Jenna Townend, “Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Early Modern Networks: The Case of George Herbert and his Imitators,” Literature Compass (2016)

we should move past network as metaphor and do actual network analysis

Evan Bourke, “Female Involvement, Membership, and Centrality: A Social Network Analysis of the Hartlib Circle,” Literature Compass (2017)

Ruth Ahnert, “Protestant Letter Networks in the Reign of Mary I: A Quantitative Approach,” ELH (2015)

Big Data

Bode 2012

Priya Joshi, "Quantitative Method, Literary History"

Simon Eliot, "Very Necessary but Not Quite Sufficient"

Historians Macroscope http://www.themacroscope.org/2.0/

Robots Reading Vogue: http://dh.library.yale.edu/projects/vogue/

Cliometrics; see Humphrey Moseley and the section on Gants' paper -- footnote 2 summarizes use of quantitative data to study book trade to that time

Topic Modelling, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.84.7371&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Natalie Houston: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/victorianstudies.56.3.498#metadata_info_tab_contents

Ed Finn, Lit Lab pamphlet: https://litlab.stanford.edu/LiteraryLabPamphlet3.pdf

Janice Radway's work as forerunner

Storytelling

Robert Darnton website: http://www.robertdarnton.org/

Locked chest of 17c letters: http://brienne.org/

Facsimiles

see Facsimiles page

https://twitter.com/SocAntiquaries/status/1183774797844623360 "Charles Stothard was commissioned to draw the Bayeux Tapestry for the Society in 1816. During his 3 visits to Bayeux he also made small plaster casts - by taking wax impressions of the linen - to capture the detail of the embroidery. Of course, this would never be allowed today!"

Lazarus Project: https://www.lazarusprojectimaging.com/

Early Manuscripts Electronic Library: http://emel-library.org/

early article on shifting print to digital books: https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ571723

"States that the transition from book to screen requires analytical comparison, and that the structure of the book cannot be translated to the screen without consideration of new spatial practices afforded by hypermedia "architexture." Discusses similarities between digital and printed documents and the implications for the digital document as a textscape. (PA)"

Computer Vision

https://manuscriptroadtrip.wordpress.com/2019/08/28/manuscript-road-trip-you-cant-argue-with-science/

XRF testing of pigments on a manuscript initial; seems suspicious, not in the style of the period, testing showed they weren't

x-ray scans of scrolls: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/oct/03/ancient-scrolls-charred-by-vesuvius-could-be-read-once-again https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-7-Xg75CCI

Tim Stinson, “Knowledge of the Flesh: Using DNA Analysis to Unlock Bibliographical Secrets of Medieval Parchment” (2009)

aDNA = “ancient DNA”

Nuclear DNA

Mitochondrial DNA: only contains DNA passed matrilineally

1996, tests on Dead Sea Scrolls

Stinson and Stinson tested parchment leaves bought for this purpose to see if they were from the same cow

Mostly calves were used; wouldn’t be old enough to reproduce, so no organism found in DNA analysis will be ancestor of another organism found in DNA analysis

Potential benefit to bibliography:

Localizing herds, helping cluster manuscript locales
Studying the parchment trade
Analyzing the construction of codices -- showing relationships between leaves in a book
resolve debate / puzzles about individual books

Tim Stinson, “Counting Sheep: Potential Applications of DNA Analysis to the Study of Medieval Parchment Production” (2011)

Sarah Fiddyment et al., “So You Want to Do Biocodicology? A Field Guide to the Biological Analysis of Parchment” (2019)

“Biocodicology, the study of the biological information stored in manuscripts, looks to expand the field of codicol- ogy to include the biomolecular techniques of proteomics [3] and genomics [4, 7] to further develop our understand- ing of how manuscripts were produced and used through history and how this can help shape and inform our views of the past.” (1)

Follicle patterns have been used to determine the animal of origin, but not always accurate

Early efforts used destructive sampling, limited in scope

Also studies of microenvironment of manuscript among conservation community

“During the last decade, we have seen both a genomic and proteomic revolution, offering the technological advances necessary to more fully unlock the biomolecu- lar data held within parchment documents and histori- cal artefacts in general.” (2)

GENETICS (DNA)

Specimens usually degraded, but can tell species and breed, sex
More labor and time intensive than protein analysis

PROTEOMICS (proteins)

More robust survival rates than DNA
Peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF): looking at profile of one protein using a mass spectrometry to identify species
Basis of ZooMS and eZooMS techniques for non-invasive use on parchment
Proteins are tissue-specific, so can identify e.g. egg white wash and type of chicken the egg came from

MICROBIOME (microbial genetics)

Gather by collecting eraser crumbs
Radiocarbon dating is too destructive for most heritage materials

Cahill, Kusko, and Schwab, "Analyses of Inks and Papers in Historical Documents Through Beam PIXE Techniques" (1981)

Jeffrey Abt, "Objectifying the Book: The Impact of Science on Books and Manuscripts" (1987)

Paul Koda, "Scientific Equipment for the Examination of Rare Books and Manuscripts" (1987-8)

four types of equipment:

major equipment like particle accelerators
equipment found at most universities, like electron microscope, usually scanning electron microscope to give 3d surface of paper (requires extracting specimen)
equipment found in libraries
- optical microscopes
- photographic cameras
- watermark reproduction
  - beta-radiography; takes time to process but can see watermark without ink obscuring it
  - DYLUX process
- mechanical/optical collators
  - Hinman collator
  - Lindstrand comparator
  - McLeod collator
- ultraviolet lamps
common equipment
- micrometer calipers, measuring the thickness of paper
- viewfinders
- dividers
- rulers

Digital Book History

Contents

Archives

Networks

Jenna Townend, “Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Early Modern Networks: The Case of George Herbert and his Imitators,” Literature Compass (2016)

Evan Bourke, “Female Involvement, Membership, and Centrality: A Social Network Analysis of the Hartlib Circle,” Literature Compass (2017)

Ruth Ahnert, “Protestant Letter Networks in the Reign of Mary I: A Quantitative Approach,” ELH (2015)

Big Data

Storytelling

Facsimiles

Computer Vision

Tim Stinson, “Knowledge of the Flesh: Using DNA Analysis to Unlock Bibliographical Secrets of Medieval Parchment” (2009)

Tim Stinson, “Counting Sheep: Potential Applications of DNA Analysis to the Study of Medieval Parchment Production” (2011)

Sarah Fiddyment et al., “So You Want to Do Biocodicology? A Field Guide to the Biological Analysis of Parchment” (2019)

Cahill, Kusko, and Schwab, "Analyses of Inks and Papers in Historical Documents Through Beam PIXE Techniques" (1981)

Jeffrey Abt, "Objectifying the Book: The Impact of Science on Books and Manuscripts" (1987)

Paul Koda, "Scientific Equipment for the Examination of Rare Books and Manuscripts" (1987-8)

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Digital Book History

Archives

Networks

Jenna Townend, “Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches to Early Modern Networks: The Case of George Herbert and his Imitators,” Literature Compass (2016)

Evan Bourke, “Female Involvement, Membership, and Centrality: A Social Network Analysis of the Hartlib Circle,” Literature Compass (2017)

Ruth Ahnert, “Protestant Letter Networks in the Reign of Mary I: A Quantitative Approach,” ELH (2015)

Big Data

Storytelling

Facsimiles

Computer Vision

Tim Stinson, “Knowledge of the Flesh: Using DNA Analysis to Unlock Bibliographical Secrets of Medieval Parchment” (2009)

Tim Stinson, “Counting Sheep: Potential Applications of DNA Analysis to the Study of Medieval Parchment Production” (2011)

Sarah Fiddyment et al., “So You Want to Do Biocodicology? A Field Guide to the Biological Analysis of Parchment” (2019)

Cahill, Kusko, and Schwab, "Analyses of Inks and Papers in Historical Documents Through Beam PIXE Techniques" (1981)

Jeffrey Abt, "Objectifying the Book: The Impact of Science on Books and Manuscripts" (1987)

Paul Koda, "Scientific Equipment for the Examination of Rare Books and Manuscripts" (1987-8)

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